Background: Candida albicans is a diploid yeast that in some circumstances may cause oral or oropharyngeal infections.\nThis investigation aimed to study the prevalence of Candida spp. and to analyze the ABC genotypes of 76 clinical isolates\nof C. albicans obtained from the oral cavity of kidney transplant patients from two distinct geographic regions of Brazil.\nMethods: We typed 48 strains with ABC genotyping and Microsatelitte using primer M13 and tested three virulence\nfactors in vitro: phospholipase activity, morphogenesis and the ability to evade from polymorphonuclear neutrophils\nphagocytosis.\nResults: C. albicans was the most prevalent species (86.4%), followed by C. tropicalis (4.5%). C. albicans genotype A was\nthe most prevalent (58 isolates; 76.4%), followed by genotype C (15 isolates; 19.7%) and genotype B (3 isolates; 3.9%).\nWhen Microsatellite technique with primer M13 was applied, 80% of the isolates from the South were placed within\nthe same cluster. The majority of Genotype C strains were grouped together within two different clusters. Genotype C\nwas considered more resistant to PMNs attack than genotypes A and B. Strains isolated from the South of Brazil\nshowed also better ability to combat PMNs phagocytosis.\nConclusions: We found a high rate of C. albicans genotype C strains isolated from the oral cavity of this group of\npatients. This study characterized oral C. albicans strains isolated from kidney transplant recipients and will contribute\nto a better understanding of the pathogenesis of oral candidiasis.
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